At a glance
History, context & interpretation
The text and its story
240 pages of an unknown script with drawings of unknown plants, star charts and bathing women. Codebreakers, linguists and AI have all tried to crack it.
Traditional attribution
Once believed to be the work of Roger Bacon.
Historical scholarship
Author unknown; the vellum was radiocarbon-dated in 2009.
Context and curiosity
It is named after Wilfrid Voynich, who bought it in 1912; it is now at Yale's Beinecke Library.
Chronology and transmission
This text belongs to Hermetic, Magical & Mysterious (Central Europe). The catalogue gives its approximate dating as vellum dated 1404–1438 CE and original language or script as Unknown script. The dated manuscript witnesses and traditional claims may not refer to the same historical event.
Sources and further reading
Historical descriptions are educational summaries. Religious traditions, scholarly interpretations and unverified claims are distinguished where possible; imagery may be illustrative rather than an artifact photograph.
Read free. Keep a research edition.
The online research article is free. An optional CAD $1.99 downloadable, annotated PDF edition is being prepared. Checkout will appear here only once the PDF and automatic delivery are verified. It will not be represented as a complete original manuscript unless the underlying text and rights have been verified.
Explore available books and editions
ACKERMAN