At a glance
History, context & interpretation
The text and its story
Scriptures on ahimsa (non-violence), karma, the soul and asceticism. The Digambara sect holds that the original Agamas were lost.
Traditional attribution
The teachings of Mahavira, compiled by his chief disciples (Gandharas).
Historical scholarship
The Svetambara canon was written down at the Council of Valabhi.
Context and curiosity
Some Jain monks sweep the ground before them to avoid harming insects.
Chronology and transmission
This text belongs to Jainism & Sikhism (India). The catalogue gives its approximate dating as taught c. 6th–5th century BCE; written c. 453–466 CE and original language or script as Ardhamagadhi Prakrit. The dated manuscript witnesses and traditional claims may not refer to the same historical event.
Sources and further reading
Historical descriptions are educational summaries. Religious traditions, scholarly interpretations and unverified claims are distinguished where possible; imagery may be illustrative rather than an artifact photograph.
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