At a glance
History, context & interpretation
The text and its story
Charms for healing, love, protection, curses and long life, along with philosophical hymns. It is a key source on everyday religion and early Indian medicine.
Traditional attribution
Revealed to the sages Atharvan and Angiras.
Historical scholarship
A later collection of popular hymns, charms and spells.
Context and curiosity
It includes spells against fever, snakebite and jealous rivals.
Chronology and transmission
This text belongs to Hinduism & Vedic India (Vedic India). The catalogue gives its approximate dating as c. 1200–900 BCE and original language or script as Vedic Sanskrit. The dated manuscript witnesses and traditional claims may not refer to the same historical event.
Sources and further reading
Historical descriptions are educational summaries. Religious traditions, scholarly interpretations and unverified claims are distinguished where possible; imagery may be illustrative rather than an artifact photograph.
Read free. Keep a research edition.
The online research article is free. An optional CAD $1.99 downloadable, annotated PDF edition is being prepared. Checkout will appear here only once the PDF and automatic delivery are verified. It will not be represented as a complete original manuscript unless the underlying text and rights have been verified.
Explore available books and editions
ACKERMAN